Dysphagia in Older Adults: Signs and What to Do?
Dysphagia, or difficulty swallowing, is often overlooked in older adults. This is an issue that I am very concerned about as it is not easily recognized. Over the years I have seen many older adults struggle while eating. This is not something that is highlighted as an issue to observe but it is something that should be recognized and reported to avoid health concerns.
What is Dysphagia?
Definition: Dysphagia is a medical condition characterized by difficulty swallowing. Symptoms may include pain while swallowing, a sensation of food getting stuck, or coughing during meals.
Causes: Various factors can cause dysphagia. These include neurological disorders, esophageal problems, and even certain medications. Each cause requires a different approach to treatment.
Impact on Nutrition: Dysphagia can affect a person's ability to eat and drink. This may lead to weight loss and malnutrition.
Increased Risk of Aspiration: Swallowing difficulties can cause food to enter the lungs. This can lead to serious complications like aspiration pneumonia, which can be life-threatening.
Awareness of dysphagia is crucial. Seeking medical advice is essential for managing dysphagia effectively. Early intervention can greatly improve quality of life.
Signs and symptoms: coughing, choking while eating or drinking, a wet or raspy voice, and frequent runny nose and or sneezing after eating.
Other symptoms include:
· Drooling
· Pocketing food in the cheek
· Trouble chewing
· Trouble swallowing certain fluids
· Chest or throat discomfort
· Congestion in the chest after eating or drinking
· Frequent respiratory infections
· Vomiting
· Weight loss
Early identification and intervention are key to managing dysphagia effectively. Healthcare providers need to be trained to recognize the signs and symptoms of swallowing difficulties, and they should routinely screen older patients for this condition during regular check-ups. In my experience of attending many annual physical exams, I have never had a health professional ask about swallowing issues nor asked if they have seen any of the symptoms. It is a training that is also severely lacking for those working in healthcare communities to monitor and report.
By fostering an environment where older adults feel comfortable discussing their swallowing issues, and by implementing tailored dietary modifications and therapies, we can significantly reduce the risks associated with dysphagia. Moreover, educating caregivers and family members about the importance of monitoring eating habits and recognizing potential dangers can contribute to better outcomes and a more supportive living environment for those affected.
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